Building a multilateral alliance such as an Asian NATO was not rational behavior, because the US could not pool resources from its Asian allies to serve its burden-sharing purpose. 2 Bilateral alliances became the preferable alliance strategy for the US in Asia.
The Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty, or Manila Pact, was signed on 8 September 1954 in Manila, as part of the American Truman Doctrine of creating anti-communist bilateral and collective defense treaties.
Japan, the sole Asian member of the Group of Seven industrialized nations, has been moving in lockstep with the United States and European countries in imposing sanctions on Russia, reflecting its stance that any tolerance of the country's brazen attack on a sovereign nation could risk emboldening China.
The following countries are designated as major non-NATO allies: Afghanistan (see § 126.1(g) of this subchapter), Argentina, Australia, Bahrain, Egypt, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kuwait, Morocco, New Zealand, Pakistan, the Philippines, Republic of Korea, Thailand, and Tunisia.
In April this year, the four countries participated in NATO's foreign ministerial meeting and they agreed to continue supporting Ukraine and to step up cooperation given the "global implications" of Russia's war on Ukraine. Australia, Japan and South Korea are all U.S. security allies.
On 10 March 1966, President Charles de Gaulle announced France was officially withdrawing from NATO. The country would no longer host any NATO bases. The SHAPE, or Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers of Europe, which is in charge of NATO military planning, was relocated from Paris to Brussels.
South Korea is not a member of NATO but was invited to the summit along with Japan, Australia and New Zealand as the organisation's Asia-Pacific partners.
In March 2015, Russia, citing NATO's de facto breach of the 1990 Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, said that the suspension of its participation in it, announced in 2007, was now "complete" through halting its participation in the consulting group on the Treaty.
NATO GLOBAL RELATIONSHIPS
At a deeper level, five Asia-Pacific countries have joined NATO's Tailored Cooperation Program—Australia, New Zealand, Japan, South Korea and Singapore—which implies being a "global partner" with the alliance.
Greece. In 1964, due to the Cyprus crisis, Greece withdrew military units from NATO forces in the Southern Mediterranean, over threats of invasion of Cyprus by fellow NATO member Turkey. Later in 1974 due to the invasion of Cyprus by Turkish forces, Greece withdrew from NATO military command.
A world map reveals that, first, Australia is in the Southern Hemisphere and, second, it lies not in the Atlantic Ocean but, rather, in the Indian and Pacific oceans. NATO is principally for the nations located in the region of the North Atlantic and also nations neighboring or near such nations.
NATO, which was formed in 1949, is the most powerful military alliance in the world.
India did not join either NATO or SEATO due to the development of Non-Alignment which gave it a way of staying out of the alliances. India had faith in the policy of Non-Alignment.
The United States formalized diplomatic relations with Thailand in 1833 with a Treaty of Amity and Commerce and reaffirmed relations with the 1954 Manila Pact of the former Southeast Asia Treaty Organization. In 2003, the United States designated Thailand a major non-NATO Ally.
None are NATO members, but each is wary of China's growing influence and coercion. Since 2020, NATO has stepped up cooperation with the four Asian democracies, which it refers to as “Asia-Pacific partners."
India is not a member of NATO and there are many reasons for not being a member country of NATO. The first and main reason is India is not in the North Atlantic or anywhere close to the Atlantic.
NATO's door remains open to any European country in a position to undertake the commitments and obligations of membership, and contribute to security in the Euro-Atlantic area. Since 1949, NATO's membership has increased from 12 to 30 countries through eight rounds of enlargement.
NATO's essential and enduring purpose is to safeguard the freedom and security of all its members by political and military means. Collective defence is at the heart of the Alliance and creates a spirit of solidarity and cohesion among its members.
The Philippines pursues a policy of maintaining friendship and cooperation with Ukraine, with a view towards raising the level of exchanges between the two countries, cognizant of Ukraine's geopolitical and economic importance in Europe.
In 1995, the Asean Treaty of Southeast Asia Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone declared the region free of nuclear weapons and other weapons of mass destruction. The 1987 Philippine Constitution, meanwhile, states that the country adopts and pursues a policy of freedom from nuclear weapons in its territory.
Relations between the Philippines and China, which span several centuries, have been predominantly warm and cordial. But in recent years, both countries have experienced fiery issues that have resulted in their “cooling off,” hitting a low point since the establishment of their diplomatic relations in June 1975.
2151 et seq.), or any other provision of law, Taiwan shall be treated as though it were designated a major non-NATO ally (as defined in section 644(q) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2403(q))[)]."
Plans for NATO membership were shelved by Ukraine following the 2010 presidential election in which Viktor Yanukovych, who preferred to keep the country non-aligned, was elected President. Amid the unrest, caused by the Euromaidan protests, Yanukovych fled Ukraine in February 2014.
On 15 February 2019, the country which was previously known as the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia was officially recognised as the Republic of North Macedonia. On 27 March 2020, it became NATO's 30th member.